1. 17332936 Int. J. Oncol. (2007) Genes: plasminogen c-Myc UPA

• In addition, mushroom Ganoderma lucidum has been used for the promotion of health, longevity and treatment of cancer in traditional Chinese medicine.
• In the present study we show that extract from green tea (GTE) increased the anticancer effect of G. lucidum extract (GLE) on cell proliferation (anchorage-dependent growth) as well as colony formation (anchorage-independent growth) of breast cancer cells.
• Although individual GTE and GLE independently inhibited adhesion, migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, their combination demonstrated a synergistic effect, which was mediated by the suppression of secretion of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) from breast cancer cells.
• Our study suggests the potential use of combined green tea and G. lucidum extracts for the suppression of growth and invasiveness of metastatic breast cancers.

2. 18024477 (2007) Genes: NF-kappaB ERK1 AP-1 MMP-9

• Ganoderma lucidum has been reported to be associated with suppressed motility, invasion and metastasis of several types of cancers, but its mechanism of action remains unclear.
• In our previous study, lucidenic acids A, B, C and N were isolated from a new strain of G. lucidum and all of them were found to have potential anti-invasive activity on phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced HepG(2) cells by suppressing the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 activity.
• The treatment of MEK inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) and lucidenic acid B to HepG(2) cells could result in a synergistic reduction on the MMP-9 expression along with an inhibition on cell invasion.

3. 16574319 Cancer Lett. (2006) Genes: GDE Bcl-2 BAX caspase-3

• Combined treatment with the medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum and the herb Duchesnea chrysantha extracts (GDE) causes a synergistic induction of mitochondrial damage and apoptosis in HL-60 cells.

4. 15898702 Phytomedicine. (2005)

• Combining nutritional supplements to achieve synergistic benefit is a common practice in the nutraceutical industry.
• Here, we report on the combination of a cat's claw water extract (C-Med-100, carboxy alkyl esters = active ingredients) + medicinal mushroom extracts (Cordyceps sinensis, Grifola blazei, Grifolafrondosa, Trametes versicolor and Ganoderma lucidum, polysaccharides = active ingredients) + nicotinamide + zinc into a formulation designed to optimize different modes of immunostimulatory action, and yet that would avoid metabolic antioxidant competition yielding less than expected efficacious effects.
• Isobole curve analyses of these two active classes of ingredients determined by growth inhibition of HL-60 human leukemic cells in vitro confirmed they were indeed synergistic when in combination, and not metabolically competitive.
• Because this broad-based panel of clinical parameters indicating clinical efficacy has never been demonstrated before for either of the active ingredients evaluated alone in humans, these data were taken as strong evidence that the combination of C-Med-100 + mushroom extracts + nicotinamide + zinc gave additive or synergistic effects to health benefit, and thus supported no efficacious limits from metabolic competition regarding this particular formulation.

5. 10996285 J Ethnopharmacol. (2000)

• To investigate antiherpetic activity, an acidic protein bound polysaccharide (APBP) was isolated from carpophores of Ganoderma lucidum.
• The combinations of APBP with IFN alpha on HSV-1 and HSV-2 showed more potent synergistic effects with CI values of 0.30-0.62 for 50-90% effective levels than those of APBP with IFN gamma with CI values of 0.65-1.10.

6. 10967475 J Ethnopharmacol. (2000)

• To investigate antiherpetic activity, an acidic protein bound polysaccharide (APBP) was isolated from carpophores of Ganoderma lucidum.
• The combinations of APBP with ACV on HSV-1 and HSV-2 showed potent synergistic effects, and these results suggest that the possibility of developing APBP as a new antiherpetic agent.